ISSN: 2158-7051 ==================== INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RUSSIAN STUDIES ==================== ISSUE NO. 6 ( 2017/1 ) |
THE PRETEXT OF TATAR ETHNIC FAIRYTALE
GAGAEV ANDREY ALEXANDROVICH*, GAGAEV PAVEL ALEXANDROVICH**, BOCHKAREVA OLGA VICTOROVNA***
Summary
Fairy tale as a genre is being understood
formally according to the position of V. YA. Propp as the oral poetic story,
oral story, form of pleasure, extraordinariness (fantastic, wonderful, everyday),
the poetics in 7 heroes and of 32 functions, deliberate poetic fiction in which
nobody believes. Fairytale is a narrative
of the past and future of the ethnos, based on the subjective possibility and
that is why people believe in fairy tales in certain respects. For example, 60
per cent of women, 16 per cent of men and average 40 per cent of readers
believe in “Cinderella” fairy tale. The Tatar fairy tale is based on the
pretext of Tora, Koran, Gospel, hadises about life of Muhammad, Sakhih al Bukhari,
Arab fairy tale “Thousand and one night”, models of Turk and Tatar common
sense, models of history of Tatar and Russian folk surviving in the history of
Eurasia. In gnoceological relation tatar fairy tale is based on the so-called existential
generalizations, fixing the generality of existing in some relation (the
existence, not essence is fixed). The tatar fairy tale is focused at the common
sense, ordinary thinking in practical relation, proving sensible kind cunning,
opposing it to insidiousness and nasty things, modeling natural events, it
predefineteness (the possibility and probability and judgment in model “if it
is”) and struggle of human being for its destiny, intention to the victory over
circumstances of life. Tatar fairy
tale models internal and external danger of life, defects and virtues, world
creation and creation of life in kinds of activity. The fary tale assumes the
understanding of Russian people as the unity of Turk, Iran-Alans, Ugro-Finns, eurasians
and slavs-Russian, in invariances, non uniform essence, non-unity,
indivisibility, unseparativeness, inconstancy, modeling the compatibility of
Islam and Christianity in Russia. The essential representation of Tatar fairy
tale is the motives of fairy tale about Shuraly in which there is a Woodcutter
which struggles for the freedom and justice, performing the judgment –
punishment and forgiveness according to Muhammad and Christ. The fairy tale
proves the unity of Russian and turk-tatar culture, having common genetic and
semantic roots in the works of L.N.Tolstoy, A.I.Kuprin, G.Tukay and other
authors. Only being together Russian and Tatar ethnoses can survive in
difficult and dramatic history and culture of modernity.
Key Words: Fairy tale as a
narrative, Tatar ethnic fairy tale,
pretext, Koran, Gospel, hadith, Tatar person, the concept of Russian and Tatar
people, common sense, history, possibility, probability, existential
generalizations.
Fairy tale as a genre
refers formally in
accordance with the position of V.J. Propp:
oral poetic narrative, oral histories, the form of pleasure,
extraordinary (fantastic, marvelous, of
life), the poetics of the seven heroes
and 32 functions,
deliberately poetic fiction and fiction, in which
no one believes.
The tale is not
a formal structure with 7 characters and to 32 functions
in which the predicate is meaningful, and the subject is variable,
but on the contrary, the subject sets the semantics, this is semantic ethno-cultural sign-voice structure as
a narrative, the excess energy and information,
the literary language in the form of
verbal and nominal sentences, their dialogue, performative (magic), narrative,
recursion; prototype of semantics;
subjective staking faith and knowledge of the
witness; convention and the coherence of judgments, having as the basis the existential generalization; teleology of the ethnic group fate; cycles of protest and
social mobility simulation; antinomy
of nonviolent action and the forecast
of the ethnos life. The tale is always ethnic, although has a form of reception acculturation,
retaliation.
1) Tatar fairy tale is a
unique product of the world and
Russian culture. It
is based on the pretext - the Old Testament, New Testament, St. Quran, Arabic tales,
Russian text, intertext
and hypertext, cultural quotations, allusions and reminiscences of Russian
culture, its own semantic
text which is adequate to Turkic, Tatar, Russian
and Eurasian, Islamic
mind. Tale models the unique Tatar man and his epic of survival and struggle against injustice, joint struggle against oppression, along with
The story of heaven
and earth, oil and honey at the heaven, the rope by which one can rise to the sky, is inherent
in the hadith of Muhammad and the Arab tale.
"It was reported from Ibn Ab-bass, may Allah be pleased with them both that (once) to Allah envoy, (peace be upon him and welcome), a man came and said, tonight I have seen a cloud giving a shadow, from which poured oil and honey, and I have seen people who collected it in their hands, and some of them (in the hands) had a lot of (oil and honey), and others – a little. And suddenly I saw the rope that stretched from earth to heaven, and I saw how you took it and got up (on it), and then other man took it and went upstairs, then another man took it and went upstairs, and then another took it, but it is torn, and then connected again. " (Then) Abu Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, may my father be sacrificed for you, I swear to God, if you let me, I interpret (the dream), and the prophet (peace be upon him and be he welcomed) said: Interpret. "(Then Abu Bakr be he satisfied by Allah) said: "As to the clouds, giving the shadows, it is Islam, as for oil and honey expiring from it, it is the Koran, which oozes sweetness (from the cloud), and some people perceive it to a greater extent and others – to a less extent. As for the rope, stretching from earth to heaven, it is the truth, which you follow: you will be to stick to it, and Allah will exalt you up, then another one will stick to it after you, and because of this he will rise up, then another will stick, and because of this he will rise up, and then another will stick to it, but it will tear (in his hand), and then will be connected to him, and thus he will rise to the top. (And now) Tell me, O Messenger of Allah, will my father be sacrificed for you, I was right or wrong? (At this) the Prophet, (peace be upon him and welcomed) said: In some ways you were right, but something was wrong. "(Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased by him) said:" By Allah, you have to tell me what I was wrong! "- (what the Prophet peace be upon him and welcomed) said:" Do not swear, "" [Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol 2, 81. 9. 1802 (7046) pp. 398-399].
This hadith is the
basis of many of the Tatar and
Russian fairy tales about heaven and earth rise to
the sky on a rope and wood,
followed by a fall.
We tied them to the foot,
and the end of the rope I wrapped around myself - for reliability ... Birds ...
sang and - to the sky. Well, they dragged me with him - because then I was a
little girl. ... And here we are flying ... Birds my sang again and - down ...
Then the rope broke, and I fell - into the swamp. I didn’t drown. But I couldn’t
get out. Lying in the swamp and think what to do here ... Oh, bear was there
... I grabbed his tail. So along with the bear we got out of the swamp ... So
with this tail I returned to my village "(" Traveler ") [Tatar
folk tales 1986: 454]. Even a child to climb up to heaven - not perceiving rope
of Muhmmad - Islam - is not possible!
“Climb there
and until we reach up to the sky, do not open the mouth" [Tatar folk
tales 1986: 455].
"Fell they both down the stem and fell
to the death" [Tatar folk
tales 1986: 455].
Same plot
has Russian fairy tale, which is a Russian interpretation
of this hadith of al-Bukhari.
"Here it is (pea) and started to grow; grew
- grew - grown to the sky ... and
man got on the sky... The owner was angry, called
his servants, and drove out the man ... gathered
cobwebs and platted
rope ... Get down, down,
and saw - the rope was over, and the ground is far, far away ... he crossed himself -
and wham! Flying
- flew and fell
into the swamp. "
It's not a miracle
of miracles, What a man fell from
the sky;
And wonder of wonders, As he climbed
there! [Library of Russian folklore
1989 Vol.3, 552].
"Platted rope. He tied it to the edge of the sky and started to descend. On the trouble there was
not enough rope "[Library
of Russian folklore 1989 vol.3, 548].
"I’m
twisting rope and go down ... Suddenly the rope broke, and
I got on a cart to
the mare" [Library of Russian folklore 1989 vol.3, 542]. "I caught
all the chaff, and platted the rope ... But the
rope broke; I fell down, almost killed, to the
other world failed "[Library of Russian folklore 1989 Vol.3, 568].
Tale proves
compatibility, hatchability,
following the Tatar and Russian super-ethnos in
the joint struggle against injustice and oppression, will organize the excess energy and denies the immensity of Muhammad,
the aggression against the infidels,
Christians and Russian, generates
mutual understanding of Tatar and
Russian generations in shared history in
2) Genetics of Russian
and Tatar, Finno-Finn,
Eurasians, Slavs -
Russian.
The Russian have 47%
- 80% of the
Aryan, 17% of the Finno-Ugric
and 11% of the Balkan genetic haplogroups. Other
haplogroups are void. West-Siberian
haplogroup - Q - 0,2-0,3; Mongoloid haplogroup C
- 1,5%. In
3) The problem
of Shuraly epic in the Tatar fairy tales, St. Koran,
the Hadith, and the works of G. Tukai and K. Tangalychev
Shurale image
and the image of Satan, that is good - evil in the
Arab and Turkic mythology
and image of the Demon in the European culture. It is Satan in the 'Paradise Lost " by J. Milton, Lucifer in the" Cain "
by D. Byron, Mephistopheles in"
Faust "by I.V. Goethe, The Devil in
the poem "Eloah" by
A. de Vigny, "Demon"
by Mikhail Lermontov. As the European
daemon Shuraly is
intention of deviations and
freedom and condemnation of
slavery, the possibility of evil transforming ("Demon" Lermontov and the impossibility of this. As Turkish Shaitan - a mockery of
those who ask for something, people are weak, without the power of faith and are serfs and slaves.
Shuraly laughs at those who do not stand the test, and is
predestined to be in the Hell not the
There is a comparison
of the boys of the new generation of world epics,
the Holy Koran. The powder of the skull
of the sultan Zulkarnaen, that woman tasted leads to
the birth of a boy of a new
generation [Tatar folk tales
1986: 105]. In
St. Koran. "And
they went; and when they met a boy and
he killed him, he said: "Have you killed a pure soul, without revenge for the soul? You did a thing unpraised
"(Holy Koran 18
Cave, 73
(74)). Evil generation of boys is subjected to death, and the best boy who believes is to be
living. The generation
has three boys -
one is evil, and two - the orphans - are the
good and Allah gives life to the second and third! (Holy Koran 18,
Cave 79 (80) -81
(82)). "As for the boy, his parents were
believers, and we feared that he would condemn them
to carry disobedience and disbelief. And we want the Lord to give them a better return than he in purity and closer in mercy. A wall - it belonged to two orphan
boys, and there was a treasure for them under it, and their father had been righteous,
and thy Lord wished
that they reach maturity and extracted
their treasure by
the grace of thy Lord. I did not
do this in my decision. Here's an explanation of what you could not endure "( Holy Koran 18,
Cave 79 (80) -81
(82)). "And when the promise of my Lord comes,
He will do it with powder; the promise of my Lord is
truth "(Holy Koran 18, Cave 18,
98).
Powder – truth judgment
about the life, the forecast of the future. "And when they say to
them:" Follow what Allah has sent down "- they say," No, we
follow that on which we found our fathers. " And if their fathers did not
understand anything and would not go the right way? "(Holy Koran 2 The
Cow, 165 (170)). "Then, indeed, their way back into hell. After all, they
found their fathers astray "(Holy Koran 37 Standing in a row, 66 (68) 67
(69)).
Some of the new boys (if not
all prejudicing hour of doomsday) are Children of the Devil, which reinforce
the evil fathers, and they are subject to death, and some are Children of God,
and they shall be subject to life, says Muhammad and Tatar fairy tale! The main Russian hero -
Ilya Muromets kills his son the Hawker and his
daughter, who rose up against
his father, and serve to foreign
invaders! The plot of the Hawker,
the daughter of Ilya Muromets is the
same idea of a Roman boy, baby boy in
Kalevala, Klizamar and Karton in
the Celtic epic, the image of a
boy with iron heels and a stone in the
back of his head in "Mastorava."
Sons are alien
conquerors, avengers for their fathers’ errors
and fathers defend their homeland. But a generation of children in Holy Koran degraded
in the Tatar fairy tale. But their clash kills
ethnicity, for heroes, heroes, ascetics, saints, prophets, ansars, Rodomysl, messengers, genius,
teachers, poets, statesmen do not leave
offspring! The necessity to fight for their own destiny, "to cry - it was
no" [Tatar folk tales
1986: 167]. "Will
you cry or not (it does not change anything for) the angels continued to
cover by their wings as long as
you do not have taken it!"
"[Sahih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol. 1, 20. 3 588 (1 244 ), p. 285].
The boy must either
be killed or kept alive, breaking his evil – evil of Shuraly! "O Messenger of Allah,
let me cut off his head!". "The
Prophet be he welcomed and blessed, he said:"
If he is (the
Antichrist), you wouldn’t cope with him, and if it's not him,
then the killing will not bring you good' ... "[Sakhih
al-Bukhari 2002: Vol.
1, 21. 37. 627 (1354), p. 301].
Muhammad did
not consider it necessary to kill the boy - so do Vainamoinen, but the Son of Tyushtya needlessly kills a boy
who is reborn again. Muhammad condemned Musa for the murder of the boy, "O Musa, because I have the knowledge that was given to me by God and which is
unknown to you, you also possess (other) knowledge
(also) He has granted you and unknown to me ...".
"Let Allah have
mercy on Musa! Indeed, I
would like us to be shown by
him (more)
patience, and then
we (more) would have told about them! "[Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol.
1, 3. 36. 98
(122), p. 70-72].
"You
were
given only a little knowledge" (Holy Koran 17 Migrating
at night, 87 (85).
The woodcutter in a hadith of al-Bukhari: "Messenger of Allah be he blessed and welcomed, said:"
By the One in Whose
hand is my soul for any of you to take a rope,
cut wood (and bring them) on the back (to sell) is better than to request to any person
who can give him (something),
and can refuse. "Indeed,
for all of you to
take a rope to bring a bundle of firewood on
his back and sell it, so that God
will deliver him (the need to ask), is better than to
make requests to the people who can
give him (something), and may
refuse "[Sahih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol.
1, 21. 34. 692 (1470), p. 332]. "What the people from among the Ansar asked (something) of the Messenger of Allah be he blessed and welcomed, and he gave them (it), then they (again) asked him (something) and he gave (them ) all (he had). Then he said: "What
would neither turned in my hands, I will never hide it from you
(but remember that) the one who will seek
forbearance, Allah will lead to abstinence; someone who will try to do their own, Allah will
relieve (the need to reach out to
others), and someone who will
be patient, Allah will inspire patience, and no one
has got better and more generous gift than patience
"[Sakhih al-Bukhari 2002: Vol. 1, 21.34.
691 (1469), p. 332].
"The highest hand is better than the lower hand. The highest hand is a hand of costs, and a lower arm- is hand of asking "[Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol. 1, 21. 34. 670 (1429), p. 319]. "O Hakim, truly, this property similar to the sweet fruit: it has become a blessing for the one who takes it, being generous, and for the one who takes him (in obedience to the wishes of his) soul, blessed it becomes, and be like he (the man ) who eats, but not saturated. (Remember) that the highest hand is better than lower. " " And after the Messenger of Allah be he blessed and welcomed, Hakim never took anything from anyone of the people until his death "[Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002: Volume 1, 21. 34. 693 (1472) pp. 332-333]. Muslim is like evergreen tree, the palm tree: "There are those among the trees whose leaves do not fall down, and indeed, it is like a Muslim, and (now) tell me what it is (a tree)? - and people began to remember what trees grow in the desert ... Tell us, what kind of tree, O Messenger of Allah? - and he said: "It is a palm tree" [Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol. 1, 3. 4. 52 (61) , pp. 51].
Woodman is the image of a Messenger
that connects the Torah, the Gospel and the Holy Koran and starts an
innovation, a new life, the court - punishment and retribution - without
killing, "Every prophet is sent only to his people, I was sent to all
people" [Sakhih al -Buhari 2002: Volume 1, 7. 1207 (335), p. 114]. G.
Tukai in his Woodman saw Muhammad and Lenin, and in his case - a key of land
and a form of contention termination:
"Verily, I am ahead of you. And I will testify to you, and, indeed, by
Allah, now I see your pond (Haud), and, indeed, had given me the keys to the
treasure of the earth (or keys ... the earth (and, indeed, by Allah, I am not afraid that after my death you will
become polytheists, but I fear that will compete with each other (because of
worldly goods) [Sahih al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol. 1, 20. 36. 626 (1344), p. 300].
Woodman in G.Tukay’s K. Tangalychev carries
the Torah, the Gospel and the Holy
Koran, Abu Talib
(the uncle of the Prophet), 'Abd al-Muttalib (Prophet's grandfather
and father of Abu Talib, who did not take the islam) and V.I.Lenin
and Marx, Engels, I.V. Stalin,
L.I. Brezhnev! [Sakhih
al-Bukhari, 2002: Vol. 1, 20. 38. 630 (1360), p. 303];
(St. Qur'an 9
Repentance, 112, 113). Woodman -
Blacksmith is chopping wood and
wins Shurale, but the chips
do not have to fly claims Messenger of Allah be he blessed and welcomed, Muhammad, G. Tukai, Camille Tangalychev! Woodman is a Blacksmith of the Old Testament: "Behold, I have created the smith who blows the coals in the fire, and produces a weapon for
his work; and I have created the
waster to destroy "(Isa. 54:16).
This is an image of the Torah, the Gospel and the Koran. Woodman proves people's
right to armed destruction of
the oppressors in the way of the Torah, Christ and Allah!
Woodman fights
with the upcoming Apocalypse: "Among the portents of the Hour will relate
what (number of) knowledge will decrease, and the ignorance and adultery will get (wide)
distribution and increase the number of women, and reduced the number of men (to the extent) that the fifty-women will
have to (only) one
man, to care for them "[Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002:
Vol. 1, 3. 15.
68 (81), p. 57].
”Allah does not take
away the knowledge, (just)
depriving him of (His) slaves, but He takes knowledge
away, taking (of the world)
knowing, and when he does not leave (alive) none
having the knowledge, people will
vote (for themselves ) ignorant leaders.
And they will be asked questions,
and they will decide, not
possessing knowledge, bringing themselves
go astray and will
mislead others! "[Sakhih al-Bukhari, 2002:
Vol. 1, 3. 26.
82 (100) p.
57; 3.18.71 (85),
p. 58; 2.31.44 (50),
p. 46; Vol. 2. 72.
24. 1738 (6521), p. 374]. Ignorant leaders of
These omens: the growing
number of the ignorant people, and the disappearance of people who know; booze
and drugs, sexual perversion; exceeding the number of women over the number of
men and degradation of men and women, the transformation of men into women and
women into men, why women will overflow Hell – they do not raise children;
strife and all will become rich; the earth will be red - white (forests will disappear)
without borders; people will stop working in the profession, social classes and
ethnic groups will mix; teleology of property and desires; cycles of vices
growth; aggression and violence, lack of faith in the hypocritical faith.
Woodman overcomes historical Apocalypse!
Hero of Tatar tales Shuraly (motive), G. Tukai, Camille Tangalychev is a
celebration of new life.
4. The Turks, Iranian-Alans,
Ugro-Finns, Eurasians, Slavs - Russian withstood
unimaginable volume of wars. Since 1054
on 1462 - 245 wars. Since 1240 for 1462. The
war was every year. From 1380 to 1917 for
537 years -
334 years of the war with 2 - 8 opponents. Russia has no allies but its army and people of Eurasia (of course - the police, the secret police, the system of torture
- historical watchdog
of the tyrants), since we defeated all contenders
for world domination, and this was made by Russian -
Slavic, Turkic, Ugro-Finns,
Eurasians, the Iran-Alans together.
5) Russian people as a superethnos and a part of the Slavs - Russian, Turkic
- Tatar etc.,
The Iranian-Alan, Ugro-Finn, Eurasians has not a
series of national literatures, but overall great Russian
classical literature, and every ethnic
group has two native languages -
the ethnic and Russian. Tatar roots have such great
Russian writers as Karamzin, G.R.
Derzhavin, great Slavophiles
brothers K.S. and
I.S. Aksakov, I.S. Turgenev,
A.N. Radishchev, L.N.
Tolstoy, A.I. Kuprin.
Russian spirit had M. Jalil, G.Tukay. Russian-Tatar poet is
the greatest Russian contemporary
poet writing in
Russian, but not published in
Tatarstan K. Tangalychev. Knowledge of the Russian language gives the creativity of Tatar writers universal - and the all-Russian
and world – meaning,
and a concentration on purely Tatar language and
life of the Tatar people, and Islam
leads to degradation of the culture
of the Tatar people in isolation.
6) The problem of
salvation ethnic Tatars in the Russian people and the Russian people.
No ethnic
group in
In Russian history according to
Muhammad, Allah and Christ, Slavs and Turks, Ugro-Finns, the Iran-Alans,
Eurasians have created a Russian and Tatar state together is historical total, within which it
is possible to prevent external military destruction of Slavs and Tatars, Ugro-Finn,
Irano- Alans, Eurasians and to develop in joint cooperation the creative
potential of Eurasian ethnic groups, realizing its messianic role, mission,
objective functions, fate and destiny in the immutability, consubstantiality,
without confusion, inseparable, untransformability, inconstancy in competition with
East and West!
The fate of us - all ethnic groups
- determined to
live and conquer all, before we - the Turks,
the Iranian-Alans, Ugro-Finns, Eurasians, Slavs - Russian
- together and have
a common identity and self
identity! And if it
is now we all saved themselves, then this meaning-is that we are already
dead. "A fool sees that it comes to
violence, and shouted:" Hey,
stick, beat! ". A stick rushed, just
another hit and killed the evil king to death. A fool has become
king, and he reigned for a long time and graciously
"[Library of Russian folklore
in 1989: Vol. 2,
98].
"Oh, Ivan, you are to
control our strength, but won’t it be enough for you, remembered us once, from
the grave we’ll stand for you." "Copper, Silver, Gold heroes, let’s help
Ivan the peasant's son!". "Then they got up from the grave, and have
driven ... All were won, no one was left on the seeds. All were cut and stamped
down! That they came back with a victory "[Library of Russian folklore in
1989: Vol. 2, 144-146]. Without this unity our death could come - the death of
ethnic groups of
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*Gagaev Andrey Alexandrovich - Ph.D., the Professor, the chief of Humanitarian disciplines chair of Mordovia State University (branch in Ruzaevka) (Russia, Saransk)
**Gagaev Pavel Alexandrovich - Ped.D., the Professor of chair of Pedagogics of Penza State University (Russia, Penza)
***Bochkareva Olga Viktorovna - the senior lecturer of general disciplines department of Samara Railway University (branch in Ruzaevka), Ruzaevka, Russia
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